Zithunzi zotsitsidwa patsamba la Massachusetts Institute of Technology Press Office zimapezeka kwa mabungwe osachita phindu, ofalitsa nkhani, komanso anthu onse pansi pa License ya Creative Commons Attribution NonCommerce No Derivatives.Simungathe kusintha zithunzi zomwe zaperekedwa pokhapokha zitadulidwa kukula koyenera.Ngongole iyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito posewera zithunzi;ngati sichinalembedwe pansipa, gwirizanitsani chithunzicho ndi "MIT".
Ofufuza a ku Massachusetts Institute of Technology apanga chipangizo chonyamula madzi chotsitsa mchere cholemera zosakwana 10 kg chomwe chimachotsa tinthu tating'ono ndi mchere kuti titulutse madzi akumwa.
Chipangizo cha kakulidwe ka sutikesichi chimagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa poyerekezera ndi chojambulira cha foni ndipo chimathanso kuyendetsedwa ndi solar solar yaing'ono yomwe ingagulidwe pa intaneti pafupifupi $50.Imadzipangira yokha madzi akumwa omwe amaposa miyezo ya World Health Organisation.Tekinolojeyi imayikidwa mu chipangizo chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito chomwe chimagwira ntchito pakukanikiza batani.
Mosiyana ndi opanga madzi ena onyamula madzi omwe amafuna kuti madzi adutse pasefa, chipangizochi chimagwiritsa ntchito magetsi kuchotsa tinthu tating'ono m'madzi akumwa.Zosefera m'malo sikufunika, kuchepetsa kwambiri kufunika kwa nthawi yayitali yokonza.
Izi zitha kulola kuti gawoli litumizidwe kumadera akutali komanso omwe ali ndi zovuta zambiri, monga midzi yazilumba zazing'ono kapena zombo zonyamula katundu zakunja.Angagwiritsidwenso ntchito kuthandiza othawa kwawo omwe akuthawa masoka achilengedwe kapena asilikali omwe akugwira nawo ntchito zankhondo za nthawi yaitali.
“Awa ndiye mapeto a ulendo wa zaka 10 kwa ine ndi timu yanga.Kwa zaka zambiri takhala tikugwira ntchito pazafizikiki kuseri kwa njira zosiyanasiyana zochotsera mchere, koma kuyika zonse izi m'bokosi, kupanga dongosolo ndikuzichita munyanja.Zakhala zopindulitsa kwambiri kwa ine, "anatero wolemba wamkulu Jongyoon Han, pulofesa wa uinjiniya wamagetsi, sayansi yamakompyuta, ndi bioengineering komanso membala wa Electronics Research Laboratory (RLE).
Khan adalumikizana ndi wolemba woyamba Jungyo Yoon, RLE Fellow, Hyukjin J. Kwon, mnzake wakale wa postdoctoral, Sungku Kang, mnzake wa postdoctoral ku Northeastern University, ndi US Army Combat Capabilities Development Command (DEVCOM) Eric Braque.Kafukufukuyu adasindikizidwa pa intaneti mu nyuzipepala ya Environmental Science & Technology.
Yoon adalongosola kuti zomangira zamalonda zotulutsa madzi m'madzi nthawi zambiri zimafuna mapampu othamanga kwambiri kuti aziyendetsa madzi kudzera muzosefera, zomwe zimakhala zovuta kuzichepetsa popanda kusokoneza mphamvu za unit.
M'malo mwake, chipangizo chawo chimatengera njira yotchedwa ion-concentration polarization (ICP), yomwe gulu la Khan lidachita upainiya zaka 10 zapitazo.M'malo mosefa madzi, njira ya ICP imagwiritsa ntchito gawo lamagetsi ku nembanemba yomwe ili pamwamba ndi pansi pa njira yamadzi.Pamene zabwino kapena zoipa mlandu particles, kuphatikizapo mchere mamolekyu, mabakiteriya ndi mavairasi, kudutsa nembanemba, iwo anabweza kwa izo.Ma particles omwe amaperekedwa amalowetsedwa mumtsinje wachiwiri wa madzi, omwe pamapeto pake amachotsedwa.
Izi zimachotsa zolimba zosungunuka ndi zoyimitsidwa, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti madzi oyera adutse munjira.Chifukwa imangofunika pampu yotsika kwambiri, ICP imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zochepa kuposa matekinoloje ena.
Koma ICP nthawi zonse simachotsa mchere wonse womwe ukuyandama pakati pa ngalandeyo.Chifukwa chake ofufuzawo adakhazikitsa njira yachiwiri yotchedwa electrodialysis kuchotsa ma ion amchere otsala.
Yun ndi Kang adagwiritsa ntchito kuphunzira pamakina kuti apeze kuphatikiza koyenera kwa ma ICP ndi ma module a electrodialysis.Kukonzekera koyenera kumakhala ndi njira ziwiri za ICP zomwe madzi amadutsa ma modules asanu ndi limodzi mu gawo loyamba, kenako kupyolera mu ma modules atatu mu gawo lachiwiri, ndikutsatiridwa ndi electrodialysis.Izi zimachepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu popanga njira yodziyeretsa yokha.
"Ngakhale zili zowona kuti particles ena omwe amaperekedwa amatha kugwidwa ndi nembanemba ya ion exchange, ngati atagwidwa, tikhoza kuchotsa tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambirimbiri mwa kungosintha polarity ya magetsi," adatero Yun.
Adachepera ndikusunga ma ICP ndi ma electrodialysis modules kuti apititse patsogolo mphamvu zawo ndikuwathandiza kuti azitha kulowa m'magawo onyamula.Ofufuza apanga chida chothandizira anthu omwe si akatswiri kuti ayambe ntchito yochotsa mchere komanso kuyeretsa ndi imodzi yokhabatani.Mchere ndi tinthu tating'onoting'ono tambiri tagwera pansi pazipata zina, chipangizochi chimadziwitsa ogwiritsa ntchito kuti madziwo akonzeka kumwa.
Ofufuzawo adapanganso pulogalamu ya foni yam'manja yomwe imayang'anira chipangizocho popanda zingwe ndikuwonetsa zenizeni zenizeni pakugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi mchere wam'madzi.
Pambuyo pakuyesa kwa labotale ndi madzi amitundu yosiyanasiyana amchere ndi turbidity (turbidity), chipangizocho chidayesedwa m'munda wa Boston's Carson Beach.
Yoon ndi Kwon anayika bokosilo pa banki ndikugwetsa chodyetsa m'madzi.Patapita pafupifupi theka la ola, chipangizocho chinadzaza kapu yapulasitiki ndi madzi akumwa aukhondo.
"Zinali zosangalatsa komanso zodabwitsa kuti zidayenda bwino ngakhale pakukhazikitsa koyamba.Koma ndikuganiza kuti chifukwa chachikulu chakuchita bwino kwathu ndikudzikundikira kwazing'onozing'ono zomwe tapanga m'njira, "adatero Khan.
Madzi otulukawo amaposa miyezo yapamwamba ya World Health Organisation, ndipo kukhazikitsa kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa zolimba zoyimitsidwa ndi nthawi zosachepera 10.Chitsanzo chawo chimapanga madzi akumwa pa mlingo wa malita 0,3 pa ola limodzi ndipo amangodya ma watt 20 okha pa lita imodzi.
Malinga ndi Khan, chimodzi mwazovuta kwambiri popanga makina onyamula ndi kupanga chida chanzeru chomwe aliyense angagwiritse ntchito.
Yoon akuyembekeza kugulitsa ukadaulo poyambira pomwe akufuna kukhazikitsa kuti chipangizochi chikhale chosavuta kugwiritsa ntchito ndikuwongolera mphamvu zake komanso magwiridwe ake.
Mu labu, Khan akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zomwe waphunzira m'zaka khumi zapitazi pankhani zamtundu wamadzi kupitilira kutulutsa mchere, monga kuzindikira mwachangu zazinthu zomwe zili m'madzi akumwa.
Iye anati: “Ndithudi ndi ntchito yosangalatsa kwambiri ndipo ndikusangalala ndi kupita patsogolo kumene takhala tikuchita mpaka pano, komabe pali ntchito yambiri yoti tigwire.
Mwachitsanzo, pamene "kupanga makina onyamula pogwiritsa ntchito njira za electromembrane ndi njira yoyambirira komanso yosangalatsa yochotsera mchere wamadzi pang'ono pa gridi yaing'ono," zotsatira za kuipitsa madzi, makamaka ngati madzi ali ndi chiwombankhanga chachikulu, akhoza kuonjezera kwambiri zofunika kukonzanso ndi ndalama zopangira mphamvu. , akutero Nidal Hilal, Prof. injiniya ndi mkulu wa Abu Dhabi Water Research Center ku New York University, yemwe sanachite nawo phunziroli.
“Cholepheretsa china ndicho kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zodula,” anawonjezera motero."Zidzakhala zosangalatsa kuwona makina ofananawo akugwiritsa ntchito zida zotsika mtengo."
Kafukufukuyu adathandizidwa ndi gawo lina la DEVCOM Soldier Center, Abdul Latif Jameel Water and Food Systems Laboratory (J-WAFS), Northeastern University Postdoctoral Fellowship Program mu Experimental Artificial Intelligence, ndi Ru Institute of Artificial Intelligence.
Ofufuza ku MIT's Electronics Research Laboratory apanga makina opangira madzi omwe amatha kusintha madzi am'nyanja kukhala madzi akumwa abwino, malinga ndi Fortune's Ian Mount.Mount alemba kuti wasayansi wofufuza Jongyun Khan komanso wophunzira womaliza maphunziro a Bruce Crawford adayambitsa Nona Technologies kuti agulitse malondawo.
Ofufuza a ku Massachusetts Institute of Technology "apanga chipangizo chochotsa mchere choyandama mwaulere chomwe chimakhala ndi zigawo zingapo za evaporator zomwe zimabwezeretsa kutentha kuchokera ku nthunzi yamadzi, ndikuwonjezera mphamvu yake yonse," adatero Neil Nell Lewis wa CNN."Ofufuzawa akuwonetsa kuti itha kukhazikitsidwa ngati gawo loyandama panyanja, madzi abwino amipope kupita kumtunda, kapena itha kupangidwa kuti igwiritse ntchito banja limodzi pogwiritsa ntchito thanki yamadzi am'nyanja," Lewis adalemba.
Ofufuza a MIT apanga kachipangizo kakang'ono kamene kamatha kusandutsa madzi amchere kukhala madzi akumwa.kukanikiza batani, akutero Elisaveta M. Brandon wa Fast Company.Chipangizocho chikhoza kukhala "chida chofunikira kwa anthu azilumba zakutali, zombo zonyamula katundu za m'mphepete mwa nyanja, komanso misasa ya anthu othawa kwawo yomwe ili pafupi ndi madzi," adatero Brandon.
Mtolankhani wa Motherboard Audrey Carlton alemba kuti ofufuza a MIT apanga "chipangizo chosasefera, chosunthika chochotsa mchere chomwe chimagwiritsa ntchito minda yamagetsi yopangidwa ndi dzuwa kuti iwononge tinthu tambiri monga mchere, mabakiteriya ndi ma virus."Kuchepa ndi vuto lomwe likukulirakulira kwa aliyense chifukwa cha kukwera kwa madzi a m'nyanja.Sitikufuna tsogolo loipa, koma tikufuna kuthandiza anthu kuti akonzekere.”
Chipangizo chatsopano chotengera mphamvu ya solar chopangidwa ndi ofufuza a MIT chimatha kupanga madzi akumwa pakukhudza kwa batani, malinga ndi Tony Ho Tran wa The Daily Beast."Chidachi sichidalira zosefera ngati zopangira madzi wamba," Tran adalemba."M'malo mwake, imatulutsa madzi kuti achotse mchere, monga tinthu ta mchere m'madzi."